传道书［第1章］
Book of Ecclesiastes 1
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传道书［第1章|Book of Ecclesiastes 1【日光下的虚空人生】
04/02/2022
引言：所罗门传道所传的人生之道！
我相信《传道书》的作者是所罗门王（V1，12），即使现代有些学者推论作者和写作年代可能是被虏或回归以后的写作。因为传道书一开头就已经确实的表明身份。
然而除主以外，谁配的讲解人生？这位举世闻名，财富、身份、地位、学识、智慧都堪称第一的所罗门王，他怎么讲解人生呢？所罗门年轻时期写雅歌，心中充满对男女之爱的感觉。后来在中年时期写箴言，劝勉孩子说：我儿啊，要提防女人•••。而到了年纪老迈，看尽人间世态之后，就写了传道书，让我们就透过传道书来领受人生的智慧。
一、人生是虚空？（V1-11）
1.凡事都是虚空（V1-3）
1:1 在耶路撒冷作王，大卫的儿子传道者的言语。
1:2 传道者说：虚空的虚空，虚空的虚空，凡事都是虚空。
1:3 人一切的劳碌，就是他在日光之下的劳碌，有什么益处呢？
本书作者所罗门称自己为qoheleth，中文翻译为传道者，也可翻译成哲学家、教师、或者是一场辩论会到主持人。而这场辩论会是在这位尝尽了人生各种经历的老人家脑中进行。传道书中有许多内容都是一种两级的对比，而且结论是负面而失望的。即是这样为何本书会成为圣经的一部分呢？正因为所罗门是唯一一位经历过最多元化体验的智慧之王，他体验过世上的一切美事之后都无法得到长久的满足，所以结论就是虚空。
在此，所罗门先为【日光之下】的一切劳碌下来一个结论，毫无益处！很多人也许不赞同作者的说法，因为我们确实经历过一份耕耘一分收获；有付出就有所得不是吗？怎么会是虚空呢？其实那是我们还没有经历得够深够多够广。我们始终都有一个期待更好的盼望，或者认为自己已经够多了，所以才没有所罗门的这种感受。但是人一旦有机会可以梦想，人就会开始发现自己的不满足。
如果人生只为了劳碌，人生就真的是一场虚空！没有太大的意义。亚当犯罪的结果就是劳劳碌碌才得糊口，这和神本来的计划相差甚远。无神的人生就是这样，即使家境富裕，也是转眼即逝。
2.世事周而复始（V4-7）
1:4 一代过去，一代又来，地却永远长存。
1:5 日头出来，日头落下，急归所出之地。
1:6 风往南刮，又向北转，不住地旋转，而且返回转行原道。
1:7 江河都往海里流，海却不满；江河从何处流，仍归还何处。
当我回想我走到如今的人生，我年幼的时候，侍候过94岁的曾祖母吃云吞，也曾经是我爷爷眼中的乖孙子。后来爷爷过世了，还有许多与爸爸互动和交谈的记忆，我是爸爸眼中的好孩子，但是后来爸爸也回天家了。如今我是两个儿女的爸爸，女儿成家了，我也年过半百迈向人生下半场。经过这半个多世纪的时间，陈家已经出现过五个世代，而世世代代都住在同一个地球上的区域，但是人生舞台上的人物与服装已经改头换面了好几回。曾经叱咤风云又如何？如今早已无人纪念，消失无踪。
太阳、风向、水流也都是周而复始的不住循环；甚至从所罗门写传道书之前，大自然的运转已经是这样。而到2022年的今天，我们在读这一章经文的时候，大自然界的太阳、风向、水流还是一样的重复运转。这要表达什么呢？我们在世界上的年日真的很长吗？从时间的角度来看，可以有两种感觉观点：快乐的事我们觉得怎么时间过得那么快？对痛苦的事为什么时间过得那么慢？但是从神的眼光来看，眨眼间就过了。我们又留下什么或得到了什么呢？日光之下，这些都是会过去的琐碎事。如果要重播往事，过程中难免辛酸苦辣，喜忧参半，快乐事也只是过眼云烟。什么才是有永久价值的呢？
（我所饲养的金鱼，曾有好些天是非常活泼健康，让人赞叹，美丽无比，心情舒畅。但是气温和水质有所不同时，病的病、死的死，好景不长，时过境迁。人生何尝不是如此？）
3.人心永远不足（V8-11）
1:8 万事令人厌烦（或作“万物满有困乏”），人不能说尽。眼看，看不饱；耳听，听不足。
1:9 已有的事，后必再有；已行的事，后必再行。日光之下，并无新事。
1:10 岂有一件事人能指着说这是新的？哪知，在我们以前的世代，早已有了。
1:11 已过的世代，无人记念；将来的世代，后来的人也不记念。
万事都令人厌烦或感到困倦？为什么这样说呢？美食、美事、美名、美人、美金不是许多人在追求的人生目标吗？而且真的得到之后不是就满足了吗？不！好还要更好、多还要更多、有了还要健康和长寿，否则又如何享受呢？因此，总有不足的地方。
【人心不足蛇吞象】这句话是在表达人的贪念与无止尽的渴望。古人是这样，现代人也是这样，没有新事，因为人性的渴望是一样的。尽管世界上的发明让环境和社会、生活方式变得很不同，但是其本质还是一样的，人并没有因为得了大家都梦寐以求的东西就满足了。未得到之前尚有一个盼望，得到之后就失去了先前的那个“盼望”，而是渐渐的失去初得到之时的那种满足感。
人生真的是虚空吗？没有意义吗？很显然，作者是这样的感受，当他是在几乎经历完世人所渴望的一切美事之后，才得到这样的感受。如果人只追求日光之下的事情。很显然，没有以神为中心的人生就是这样不是吗？
二、万事皆虚空？（V12-18）
1.过来人的感受（V12-14）
1:12 我传道者在耶路撒冷作过以色列的王。
1:13 我专心用智慧寻求查究天下所作的一切事，乃知 神叫世人所经练的是极重的劳苦。
1:14 我见日光之下所作的一切事，都是虚空，都是捕风。
作者讲述自己做过以色列的王，是最有智慧的王，而且查考过天下人所作的一切事情。结论是神让人经历极重的劳苦。这是亚当犯罪之后的结果，不料世世代代的人都在这样的限制之下生活。一生劳苦愁烦，最后将如飞而去，这也是年老的摩西的诗篇90篇里所描述的人生。（诗篇90:10）
常言道：人生不如意事十之八九！所罗门得到他想得到的一切，名成利就，但是这一切并非长久，所以如同捕风！人生不一定什么事情都要用自己的时间去经历，而是可以从他人的经历学功课和教训，否则最后的虚空感会更多！
2.知识增加苦恼（V15-18）
1:15 弯曲的不能变直，缺少的不能足数。
1:16 我心里议论说，我得了大智慧，胜过我以前在耶路撒冷的众人，而且我心中多经历智慧和知识的事。
1:17 我又专心察明智慧、狂妄和愚昧，乃知这也是捕风。
1:18 因为多有智慧，就多有愁烦；加增知识的，就加增忧伤。
弯曲的不能变直，缺少的不能足数！这句话似乎说得很消极，我们不是常说在基督里没有难成的事，人生都可以重来。这确实是在基督里的写照，否则人生就是一首由许多的挫败所写成的扭曲之歌。
世上有人自以为聪明过人，也有人愚昧无知，放纵人生，但是如果两个都没有认识永恒的神，人生到头还是一场空，就如同捕风，都是虚空。
多有智慧知识就多有烦恼忧伤？这句话话对吗？不懂得做某样事是因为没有知识，这才令人烦恼不是吗？一旦学会了、有知识了，不就可以解决问题了吗？初步而看是对的，但是长远来看的时候，能者多劳，一个问题解决了又有新的问题，问题永远没完没了。忙碌苦恼到年老发白的时候，才发现原来家里的猫没什么知识，牠只顾有吃有睡又有得玩就够了，牠就这样度过快乐的一生。
例如婴孩只要有吃有睡有人抱，他就开心满足了。但是当人越来越懂事情之后，人就越来越劳苦愁烦不是吗？人生的成长过程中知识越来越多，烦恼也跟着越来越多不是吗？但是，这并不表示我们最好不要追求长进，如果是那样的话，我们的人生会出现不同的苦恼，一生无成。
总结：过新年更新对人生的理解
人生不能失去以神为中心，以神的事为念，否则人生只有越来越多的重担苦恼！世上的知识学问我们需要了解，但是对神的真理更是不能减少，否则我们所得到都只是一场游戏一场梦，到头都是虚空。
Ecclesiastes 1: A Life Of Emptiness In The Daylight
GK611 Morning Devotion
4/2/2022
Speaker: Rev David Tan
Introduction:
The way of life preached by Solomon!
1. Life is Vanity? (Acts 1:1-11)
(1) All things are vanity (v1-3)
Solomon, the author of this book, calls himself qoheleth, which is translated as preacher in Chinese, and can also be translated as philosopher, teacher, or a moderator of the debate. And this debate is conducted in the mind of this old man who has tasted all kinds of experiences in life. Much of the book of Ecclesiastes is a two-tiered comparison and the conclusion is negative and disappointing. Why is this book a part of the Bible? It is because Solomon was the only wise king who experienced the most diverse experiences, and he could not be satisfied for long after experiencing all the beauty of the world, so the conclusion is emptiness.
Here, Solomon first concludes that all the toil [under the sun] is useless! Many may disagree with the author's statement, for we do experience that you reap what you sow; if you give, you get, don't you? How can it be empty? In fact, that is because we have not experienced more than enough, deep enough and wide enough. We always have a hope of expecting better, or we think we have enough, that's why we don't have the feeling of Solomon. But once one has the opportunity to dream, one begins to find oneself unsatisfied.
If life only comes to toil, life is really a vanity! There is not much meaning.
(2) The world goes around and around (V4-7)
When I think back on my life to where I am today, I served my 94-year-old great-grandmother wonton when I was young and used to be a good grandson in my grandfather's eyes. Then my grandfather passed away, and there are many memories of interacting and talking with my dad, and I was a good boy in his eyes, but then my dad went back to his heavenly home as well. Now I am the father of two children, my daughter has a family, and I am over half a century old, moving into the second half of my life. After more than half a century, the Tan family has appeared for five generations, and generations have lived in the same area of the earth, but the characters and costumes on the stage of life have changed several times. So what if they once reigned supreme? Now long unremembered and disappeared without a trace.
The sun, the wind, and the currents of water are also in the same unrelenting cycle from week to week; even from before Solomon wrote Ecclesiastes, nature has been operating in this way. And today, in the year 2022, as we read this chapter of scripture, the sun, the wind, and the currents of nature are still running the same way over and over again. What is the point of this? Are our years in the world really long? From the perspective of time, there can be two sensory perspectives: for happy things we feel how time flies so fast? For the painful things, why does time pass so slowly? But from God's perspective, it passes in the blink of an eye. And what do we leave behind or what do we gain? Under the light of day, these are trivial things that will pass. If we were to replay the past, the process would inevitably be bitter and tough, with mixed feelings of joy and sorrow, and the happy things would just be passing by. What is of permanent value?
(3) The heart of man is never satisfied (V8-11)
Are all things tiresome or sleepy? Why do you say so? Aren't food, beauty, fame, beauty, and dollars the goals of life that many people are seeking? And won't they be satisfied when they do get them? No! How can we enjoy good and better, more and more, health and longevity if we have them? Therefore, there is always a shortage.
[The heart is not enough to swallow the elephant by a snake] This phrase is expressing the greed and endless longing of human beings. This was true for the ancients, and it is true for modern people as well. There is nothing new, because the longing of human nature is the same. Although the inventions in the world have made the environment and the society and the way of life very different, the essence is still the same, and man is not satisfied just because he has got what everyone dreams of. There is still a hope before we get it, but after we get it, we lose the "hope" we had before, and gradually lose the satisfaction we had when we first got it.
Is life really empty? Is it meaningless? Obviously, the author felt this way, when he got this feeling after experiencing almost all the beautiful things that the world desires. If man only pursues what is under the sun. Obviously, a life without God as the center is like that, isn't it?
2. All Works are vanity? (Acts 1:12-18)
(1) The feelings of those who have been there (V12-14)
The writer tells that he was the king of Israel, the wisest of kings, and has examined all the things done by the people of the world. The conclusion is that God made man go through very heavy labor. This was the result of Adam's sin, and it was expected that all generations would live under such restrictions. Yet their boast is only labor and sorrow; For it is soon cut off, and we fly away. the same life described in Psalm 90 of the aged Moses. (Psalm 90:10) It is often said that nine out of ten things in life are not as they should be! Solomon got everything he wanted, and became famous, but it did not last, so it was like catching the wind!
(2) Knowledge increases distress (V15-18)
What is crooked cannot be made straight, and what is lacking cannot be counted! This statement seems to be very negative, but we often say that in Christ there is nothing hard to achieve, and that life can start over again. This is indeed a picture of what is in Christ, otherwise life is a twisted song written by many frustrations.
There are people in the world who think they are too wise, and there are also people who are foolish and ignorant and indulge in life, but if both do not know the eternal God, life is still vanity in the end, just like catching the wind, and all is vanity.
More wisdom and knowledge means more troubles and sorrows? Is this statement correct? You don't know how to do something because you don't have knowledge, and that's what bothers you, isn't it? Once you learn and have knowledge, can't you solve the problem? Initially, it is right, but in the long run, those who are able will do more work, one problem is solved and then there are new problems, and the problems are never ending. It is only when you are busy and distressed to the point of old age that you realize that the cat in the house has no knowledge, it only cares about eating, sleeping and playing. This is how he spends his happy life.
For example, a baby is happy and satisfied as long as it has food, sleep and someone to hold it. But when people know more and more about things, they become more and more tired and worried, don't they? In the process of growing up in life, as we gain more and more knowledge, our worries also increase, don't they? However, this does not mean that we better not pursue growth, if that is the case, our life will appear different distress, a lifetime without success.
Conclusion: Renewing the understanding of life over the New Year
Life cannot lose its God-centeredness, or else life will only become more and more burdensome and distressing! We need to understand the knowledge of the world, but the truth of God cannot be reduced, otherwise all we get is just a game and a dream, and in the end it is all empty.
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